en > Instructions > Liquidation of a private unitary enterprise (PMC)

Liquidation of a private unitary enterprise (PMC) in Belarus

  1. Checking the coordination plan
  2. We make a decision on liquidation
  3. Firing employees
  4. We are submitting an application for liquidation
  5. We publish information about the liquidation
  6. We notify the bank
  7. Taking inventory
  8. We notify creditors
  9. Conducting inspections
  10. We make settlements with creditors
  11. We transfer the property to the owner
  12. Closing of PMC accounts in the bank
  13. We transfer the documents to the archive
  14. We submit information about the end of liquidation
  15. Exclusion from the Unified State Register

In addition to the knowledge of "how to open a business", it is important to have an idea of how to close a business legally competently. The legislation provides for a certain procedure for the liquidation of a legal entity. Below is a detailed step-by-step instruction on the liquidation of the PMC by the decision of the owner. You will also find samples of the necessary documents on the website.

Step 1. Check if your company is in the control activity coordination plan

There will be no inspections under the coordination plan until 2019.

This step is preparatory in nature.

Many people forget about this step, but it is these actions that should be taken first, because under certain circumstances, the entire liquidation process may take a long time, and the moment in time that was supposed to put an end to the legal termination of your business may be postponed indefinitely.

What is a coordination plan? According to the requirements Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 510 dated October 16, 2009 "On improving control (supervisory) activities in the Republic of Belarus" coordination plans of control (supervisory) activities are formed for each half-year in the Republic of Belarus. In fact, the coordination plan is a list of organizations in respect of which the authorized state bodies will be checked within the time specified in the plan.

If your organization is included in this list, it is only possible to start the liquidation process, but it cannot be completed before the scheduled inspection. In practice, this means that there will be a detailed double check of the entire period of activity.

You can get acquainted with the coordination plan for the next six months on the website of the State Control Committee of the Republic of Belarus. The document in question (for Minsk and the regions) is publicly available on the Internet and is available at the link: http://www.kgk.gov.by/ru/coordination-plans-ru/.

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Step 2. The owner decides on liquidation

The decision to liquidate the PSC must be executed by the decision of the owner of the PSC and signed by the owner himself.

What is important to include in the liquidation decision?

First of all , the owner must indicate the following in the decision on liquidation:

The liquidation commission (liquidator) is a person (persons) to whom, from the date of their appointment by the owner, the management of the company's affairs, including the powers of the head of the organization, passes. It is the liquidation commission (liquidator) on behalf of the PSC that will solve all issues of liquidation.

The liquidator can be the owner himself, and even the director of the company. But here lies a couple of nuances, ignorance of which can later lead to negative consequences. The fact is that these persons cannot always act as a liquidator of their company: for example, if the company has debts to creditors, the chairman of the liquidation commission (liquidator) cannot be appointed by a person who is the founder or head of this organization.

In practice, there are cases when there was no information about the company's debt to creditors at the stage of making a decision on liquidation. The founder or director was appointed as the liquidator, and in the future, creditors' claims began to arrive at the company, containing information about the debts owed to counterparties by the PMC.

What should I do in such a situation and do I need to take any action?

Answer: yes, if an organization in the process of liquidation is found to have debts to creditors that existed, but for objective reasons were not revealed at the date of the decision on liquidation, the founder of the company (owner) must replace the chairman of the liquidation commission (liquidator) no later than 1 month from the date of discovery of such debts, if the founder himself or the head of the liquidated legal entity is appointed as such.

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Step 3. Dismiss employees

It should be noted that the step under consideration goes under the number "3" conditionally, since it is possible to start firing employees both before the decision on liquidation is made (although only options "1" and "2", described below, are applicable here) and during the liquidation procedures (all three options may be used). Employees, if necessary, can carry out their work activities during the liquidation procedures.

But as practice shows, the issue of termination of employment relations between a company and its employees should not be postponed. The sooner you dismiss employees, the lower your salary costs.

It is important to carry out the dismissal of employees in strict accordance with the requirements of the legislation (in order to avoid further appeals of employees to the court with a demand for reinstatement at work), while doing this with minimal costs for the company.

Here are the options here.

  1. The best option.

The ideal option for an employer is a situation where an employee is explained that the founder (owner) has decided to close the business for one reason or another, and the employee will understand this and agree to terminate the employment contract (contract) by agreement of the parties (Article 37 of the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus – hereinafter TC). Upon termination of the employment contract (contract) by agreement of the parties, in the wording of the dismissal entry in the employer's dismissal order, as well as in the employee's work book, a reference should be made to paragraph 1 of Part 2 of Article 35 of the Labor Code.

More information about dismissal by agreement of the parties can be found in our corresponding instructions, it also contains all the necessary documents for this option of dismissal.

  1. "Wait-and-see" option.

If you have a contract with an employee, and the employee refuses to terminate it by agreement of the parties, you can follow the path of less resistance and just wait for the expiration of the contract, and then not extend it.

This option is good when the contract with the employee is about to expire.

Otherwise, if the employer is not ready to wait and does not want to delay the liquidation of the company, you can resort to the "legal" option.

  1. "Legal" option.

Let's make a reservation right away that all the listed options are legal. We called the third option so because it is provided by the legislation specifically for the case of liquidation of the organization. This option is the most correct from the point of view of observing the rights and interests of the employee, but not the most profitable for the employer, because it provides for the payment of certain compensations to employees for early termination of employment relations.

The fact is that paragraph 1 of Article 42 of the Labor Code provides for the right of the employer to terminate the employment contract (contract) with the employee in the event of liquidation of the organization, but it is necessary to observe certain conditions.

- The employer is obliged to notify the employee in writing about the upcoming dismissal at least 2 months before the dismissal. In practice, the employee is familiarized with a notice of dismissal, which the employee signs, thereby confirming the fact of familiarization.

Warning of the employee about dismissal in connection with the liquidation of the PMC

Before the expiration of the warning period, the dismissal of an employee without his consent is not allowed, the employer provides the employee with one free day per week (without saving the s/p) for job search for the specified period.

But in order to speed up the dismissal, the employer has the opportunity, with the consent of the employee, to replace the warning about the upcoming dismissal with monetary compensation in the amount of two months' average earnings.

Order to replace the notice of dismissal with monetary compensation

- Then the employer issues an order to dismiss the employee in connection with the liquidation of the organization

- Makes an entry about the dismissal in the work book.

On the day of the employee's dismissal, the employer makes a full settlement with him.

In addition to salaries and other payments due to the employee, it is important not to forget about the severance pay, which is paid to the employee in case of dismissal due to liquidation. The amount of severance pay is at least three times the average monthly earnings.

As you can see, it is the amount of severance pay to an employee who is dismissed in connection with liquidation that makes the third ("legal") option the most expensive for the employer. Nevertheless, it makes it possible to dismiss an employee ahead of time, even if the employee is against it.

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Step 4. Notify the registration authority of the liquidation

We do this no later than 10 working days from the date of the decision on liquidation.

Chairman of the Liquidation Commission (liquidator) application for liquidation with attached documents to the registration authority.

This is done by personal appeal.

Who can apply:

What package of documents are we presenting:

  1. application for liquidation;

Application for liquidation of the PMC

In the application, we indicate information about the procedure, as well as the timing of liquidation, indicate the composition of the liquidation commission and its chairman (in case of appointment of a liquidator, we indicate only the liquidator).

The liquidation application must be signed by the chairman and members of the liquidation commission (in case of appointment of the liquidation commission) or the liquidator (in case of appointment of the liquidator).

  1. liquidation decision.

If the decision on liquidation is in a foreign language, we additionally translate it into Belarusian or Russian (the translator's signature is notarized).

What does the registration authority do with these documents and why does it need them?

The registering authority, no later than the next business day, submits and enters into the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs information that your company is in the process of liquidation (you can check on the website http://egr.gov.by/egrn/index.jsp?content=Find, in the "Status" column, the entry "Is in the liquidation state" is entered).

Moreover, the registering authority sends a notification to all interested bodies about the beginning of the liquidation procedure of your company: the Ministry of Internal Affairs; customs; FSZN; Belgosstrakh; territorial archives of local executive committees.

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Step 5. Publish information about the liquidation on the website http://justbel.info/

All the necessary information can be found on the website https://justbel.info/claim/liquidation .

Procedure:

The cost of the ad is 9 (90,000) bel. rubles (with VAT 20% inclusive).

This can be done at any bank or post office.

Payment details below:

Institution "Editorial Office of the journal "Justice of Belarus", UNP 101473130

220004, Minsk, Kalvariyskaya str., 1/1, room 703

P/s 3015000000873 in JSC "ASB Belarusbank",

code 153001795

220089, Minsk, Dzerzhinsky Ave., 18.

There are 3 possible ways to send an application:

  1. fill out the application online: https://justbel.info/claim/liquidation/own/fillFormEnterprOwn (do not forget to specify the number of the payment order (cash receipt, receipt);
  2. fill out the application in doc format.

Application for publication of a liquidation announcement for a legal entity

and send it along with a copy of the receipt by one of the specified communication methods:

- fax: + 375 17 306-53-69, +375 17 200-02-46;

- e-mail: justbel@tut.by;

- postal address: 1/1 Kalvariyskaya str., room 703, Minsk, 220004.

  1. come to the office in person and fill out the application form on the spot.

Address: Minsk, Kalvariyskaya str., 1/1, room 703.

The information will already be on the journal's website no later than 18-00 the next working day.

The information about the liquidation published on the journal's website will later be published in the next issue of the appendix to the legal scientific and practical journal "Justice of Belarus".

Is it possible not to publish information on the site?

Answer: no, publication is mandatory, because the information about the liquidation posted on the journal's website will be a confirmation of the fact of their publication when the registering authority decides to make an entry in the Unified State Register on the exclusion of your company from it.

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Step 6. Notify the bank serving your company

Within 1 month from the date of its appointment, the liquidation commission (liquidator) must:

This requirement is fixed by Part 4 of Article 200 of the Banking Code of the Republic of Belarus.

Why do I need to notify the bank and issue a new card?

The fact is that if this is not done, the bank may refuse to execute the documents of the account holder for settlements up to the registration of a new card with samples of signatures and a seal impression.

The list of documents required for the renewal of the right to use the account for the liquidation commission (liquidator) is set by each bank independently, therefore, to clarify the necessary list of documents, we recommend contacting your servicing bank.

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Step 7. Taking inventory

When an organization is liquidated, an inventory must be carried out. An inventory is carried out before drawing up the liquidation balance sheet.

Based on the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities of the company, the amount of accounts payable is determined.

 

Step 8. Notify creditors

Information about the liquidation has already been published on the website www.justbel.info . Creditors have 2 months from the date of publication to submit claims to your company.

But one publication of information about the liquidation of the organization is not enough. The liquidated company must additionally notify its creditors of this fact in writing, and also create register of creditors' claims.

It would seem, why else notify creditors of liquidation in addition?

The fact is that such an obligation is provided for in Part 3 of paragraph 1 of Article 59 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus. And there is logic here, because it is quite problematic for creditors to constantly monitor the site in order to identify all counterparties that are going into liquidation. Actually, in order for creditors to find out about the liquidation of their debtors in a timely manner, the legislation also provides for the obligation to notify creditors in writing about the liquidation. In practice, this obligation is often violated by liquidators. However, it should be remembered here about the risk for the liquidator to be held vicariously liable if it is proved that he knew about the presence of the creditor, but did not notify him, thus completing the liquidation with an exception from the Unified State Register.

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Step 9. Conducting inspections by authorized bodies

We have already mentioned in Step 3 that the Ministry of Justice sends a notice of liquidation of your company to all interested bodies.

Within 30 working days from the date of receipt of such notification, the interested authorities send certificates of absence of debt to the registration authority:

  1. tax authorities - a certificate of the presence (absence) of debt to the budget;
  2. FSZN - a certificate of the presence (absence) of debt to this Fund;
  3. customs authorities - a certificate of the presence (absence) of debt to the budget and information on the presence (absence) of obligations not terminated to the customs authorities;
  4. Belgosstrakh - a certificate of the presence (absence) of arrears on compulsory insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases.

Most often, after the expiration of the above period, the inspection authorities, especially the tax authorities, provide information about the inability to issue a relevant certificate. Thus, this term is essentially declarative, formal. So how long can the liquidation check last? In practice, as much as you like, however, it is worth remembering that if the audit is not carried out within 6 months from the date of receipt by the relevant body of the notification of the registering authority, your company has the right to demand exclusion from the Unified State Register without such verification.

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Step 10. We make settlements with creditors

2 months after the publication of the liquidation announcement, when the deadline for creditors to file claims has expired, an interim liquidation balance sheet is drawn up. When compiling the interim balance sheet, inventory data in connection with liquidation is used, and in terms of accounts payable, data from the register of creditors' claims are used.

The Liquidation Commission (liquidator) makes payments to creditors in accordance with their priority. It should be remembered that payments are made only to creditors included in the register on the basis of their claims. The exception is the debt on mandatory payments, which is payable on the basis of balance sheet data, as well as inspection reports. Settlement with creditors who have been duly notified of liquidation, but have not filed claims, is illegal.

After settlement with creditors, the final liquidation balance sheet is drawn up. All liquidation balances are signed by the liquidator, approved by the general meeting of participants. The final liquidation balance should be zero on all points. Therefore, it is possible not to make a mistake by saying that all liquidated companies have the same liquidation balances. However, the presence of zeros in the balance sheet should reflect the accounting reality, for which the liquidator and the founders are responsible.

If it is impossible to settle with creditors based on the data of the interim liquidation balance sheet, the liquidator is obliged to file a bankruptcy petition with the economic court within a month. The consent of the founders to submit such an application is not required if they have approved the relevant liquidation balance sheet reflecting information about the insolvency of the company.

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Step 11. The remaining property (including cash) is transferred to the owner

All the property remaining after the settlement with the creditors of the PMC is transferred (read, returned) to the owner of this property, which is the founder of the PMC.

Step 12.Closing of accounts in the servicing bank

Banks independently establish a list of documents required to close accounts in the event of liquidation of the organization.

To clarify the necessary list of documents, we recommend contacting your servicing bank.

* If you skip this step, the tax inspectorate will independently send an order to the bank to close the accounts after the exclusion of the PMC from the Unified State Register.

Step 13. We transfer the documents to the archive of the local executive committee

Before submitting the final package of liquidation documents to the registration authority, it is necessary to transfer a large package of documents to the archive. And this task is by no means as easy as it may seem at first glance.

Reception and storage of documents of liquidated organizations are carried out by territorial (city or district) archives of local executive committees. It is there that we must transfer the company's constituent documents, as well as personnel documents confirming the length of service and remuneration of employees.

Let's analyze the example of Minsk. In Minsk, liquidated organizations must submit documents to the State Institution "Minsk City Archive".

The following is a list of documents to be transferred to the Minsk City Archive:

  1. Documents on the establishment of the organization (only the Charter, a copy of the certificate of registration, amendments and additions) - all editions;
  2. Documents on the liquidation of the organization (only the decision on liquidation, the liquidation balance sheet) - copies are available;
  3. Accounting (financial) statements, including explanatory notes (annual balance sheets only);
  4. Statistical reports on the main areas of activity (annual only) except for the FSZN and Belgosstrakh;
  5. Decisions of the founder;
  6. Orders on core activities (only on structural changes in the organization, on accounting policy together with accounting policy, on the introduction of staffing)
  7. Staffing tables;
  8. Orders for personnel (only admission, relocation, dismissal, foreign travel. business trips, bonuses, parental leave, changes in official salaries);
  9. Personal payroll accounts or Payroll Payslips or Payroll Payslips or Payroll Book;
  10. Personal cards of dismissed employees (f.T-2) (only if fully issued);
  11. Personal files of dismissed employees (only if they were formed in accordance with the "Instruction on the procedure for the formation, management and storage of personal files of employees" dated 03.2004 No. 2);
  12. Unclaimed workbooks (only those that have been filled in, you do not need to hand over clean books).

Let's make a reservation right away, to give all the documents "as is", i.e. collecting them in even piles and putting them in one big box, it will not work. Because documents are handed over to the archive, you will have to "sweat" over the registration of cases (documents are formed into cases within a year and arranged in chronological order, cases are sewn with threads in four punctures into a cardboard folder, taking into account the possibility of free reading of the text of all documents and dates ... etc. etc.).

To prepare documents for archiving on a contractual basis, it is possible to involve archive staff on a paid basis.

So, having followed all the instructions and prepared all the necessary documents, we handed them over to the archive, and the archive took all our cases.

Now, with a sigh of relief (especially if you prepared the documents yourself), you proceed to the next, decisive step.

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Step 14. We submit information to the registration authority about the end of liquidation

The liquidation Commission (liquidator) is submitted to the registration authority:

What's next?

At this point, all actions on your part have been completed, all documents have been provided, it remains only to wait for the decision of the registering authority, which within 1 working day requests in the archive whether all documents have been deposited. In turn, the archive must respond to the registration authority within 3 working days to the request received. You can simplify the task by providing help from the archive yourself.

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Step 15. The registering authority decides to make an entry in the Unified State Register on the exclusion of your PUP from it

So, the company has no debt. All necessary documents are provided. With the corresponding archive provides information about the deposit of documents.

And now the registering authority has nothing left but:

  1. make a decision to make an entry in the Unified State Register on the exclusion of your PMC from it;

It may take up to several weeks between the execution of the actions provided for in step 14 and the adoption of this decision;

  1. submit information to the Ministry of Justice for inclusion in the Unified State Register;
  2. report the liquidation to the tax authorities, the bodies of the Federal Tax Service, state statistics, Belgosstrakh within 3 (three) working days from the date of making an entry in the Unified State Register.

The last two actions are performed by the registering authority within 3 working days after the first action.

The Ministry of Justice enters into the Unified State Register information about the exclusion of your company from it.

The date of exclusion will be the date of adoption of the relevant decision by the registering authority. Accordingly, the company is considered to be fully and properly liquidated from that date.

To check the information about the exclusion from the Unified State Register, follow the link http://egr.gov.by/egrn/index.jsp?content=Find (in the "Status" column there will be an entry "excluded from the Unified State Register", in the "Exclusion date" column the date of liquidation of your PMC will be indicated). Also, the registering authority, at the request of the applicant, may issue an extract from the decision to exclude a legal entity from the Unified State Register.

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Have you seen the cherished entry "excluded from the Unified State Register"?

Congratulations! Your company has been successfully liquidated!

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